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| 1410 |
| | | The Viking settlement in Greenland ends, after 400 years, when the last ship leaves the colony and sails for Norway | |
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| 1487 |
| | | The Inca empire is extended to the north and a second capital is established at Quito | |
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| 1497 |
| | | Henry VII commissions the Italian navigator John Cabot to cross the Atlantic in search of new territories for England | |
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| 1497 |
| | | John Cabot, searching for a trade route to China, probably reaches Newfoundland | |
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| 1507 |
| | | The editor of a pamphlet proposes that the recently found continent should be named America after the explorer Amerigo Vespucci | |
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| 1534 |
| | | French explorer Jacques Cartier charts the Gulf of St Lawrence and, in 1525, explores up the river as far as Montreal | |
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| 1535 |
| | | Cartier, welcomed by the Huron Indians, gives their island in the St Lawrence river the name of Montreal | |
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| 1540 |
| | | Francisco Vasquez de Coronado penetrates far north and west of Texas in an expedition searching for gold | |
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| c. 1580 |
| | | Five tribal troups form a League of Five Nations, commonly known as the Iroquois League or Confederacy, against their common enemy the Huron | |
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| 1583 |
| | | Humphrey Gilbert claims Newfoundland on behalf of England's queen Elizabeth | |
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